EIGENVALUES OF ELEMENT STIFFNESS MATRICES. PART II: 3‐D SOLID ELEMENTS

In Part I, eigenvalues and eigenmodes of typical plane element stiffness matrices were separated and traced. This has important implications for the viability of new elements (presence of zero energy modes) and integrability of dynamic equations (critical time steps). In this part of the paper, similar techniques are applied to well‐known solid element stiffness matrices, and to some new ones.