... subjected to dynamic loading by using the charged system search (CSS) algorithm. First, a novel cost optimization approach for geometric layout problems is introduced, in which both cost parameters and dynamic responses are considered in the preliminary layout design of beams. The proposed structural...

... mathematical optimization technique. Design/methodology/approach For this purpose, a linear mixed integer programming model is presented for finding sparse solution of underdetermined linear system, which is correspond to sparse null vector. The charged system search algorithm is improved and used to find...