... types of dies such as a porthole die, a spider die, and a bridge die. In the present study, the hollow section extrusion process using a porthole die is considered. The material that is split by the holes is re‐welded in the welding chamber, and extruded through the die. It is called seam...

...M.P. Miles; L. Fourment; J.L. Chenot A finite‐element model for calculating the die temperature profile for a hot‐forging operation is presented. The workpiece is modelled as a thermo‐viscoplastic material, while the dies are considered undeformable. Heat transfer between the dies and the workpiece...