... (RSM), followed by experimental validation of the modified mixture. To further enhance the prediction of CS, ML algorithms like CatBoost, Gradient Boosting, Ridge Regression and XGBoost were employed. Furthermore, the evaluation of model performance was conducted employing various metrics, which...

... space to extract both global and local features, which are then fed into a gradient-boosting model for prediction. Findings The proposed model outperforms other established approaches in terms of accuracy and robustness, as demonstrated through analyzing two cases of braced deep excavations...

... 2021 10 06 2021 © Emerald Publishing Limited 2021 Emerald Publishing Limited Licensed re-use rights only Explainable machine learning Automated framework Gradient boosting Failures in RC member Engineering design and operational decisions depend largely on engineers...