... the variational principle, which serves as the foundation for deriving the Hamiltonian. To find various exact solutions of the fractional stochastic system, we propose a novel variable coefficient sub-equation method, which differs from traditional sub-equation methods that employ constant coefficients...

... is to present a more accurate and efficient formulation on the basis of the weak form quadrature element method to solve linear structural dynamic problems. Design/methodology/approach A variational principle for linear structural dynamics, which is inspired by Noble's work, is proposed to develop the weak...