...Amirhossein Mehdipoor; Mohamed Al-Hussein; Ivanka Iordanova Purpose This research integrates lean construction principles with scan-to–building information modeling (BIM) to enhance cost management in modular off-site construction. It proposes a scan-to-BIM approach within a semi-automated 5D-BIM...

... estimation, offering three main contributions: (1) an innovate approach to utilise five-dimensional (5D) BIM capabilities with Monte Carlo simulation, hence providing reliable cost estimating during the conceptual TVD stage; (2) mathematical models that are developed through integrating ABC into the detailed...