... cost and time. The PDRI was adopted to measure the briefing clarity and apply in the model. PDRI-SD was then tested in Australian building refurbishment projects to assess the model's effectiveness. Findings The simulation results indicated that a minor reduction of the lack of clarity throughout...

... of knowledge in construction process modelling by synergizing the two methods to enhance their analytical capabilities whilst at the same time unveil the process of managing end-user stakeholder engagement, particularly in major refurbishment projects of higher education buildings. Refurbishment...