... that once educational costs have been deducted, wage‐earning advantages for different educational groups are insignificant. The empirical results speak against the political demand – at least in Switzerland – that those who directly benefit from education should pay more towards its costs. © MCB UP...

... but also to ensure the benefits of learning‐by‐doing in relation to current rather than obsolete technology[ 4 ]. Action learning Capital investment Germany Pay German unification, in October 1990, left eastern Germany with an acute imbalance between physical and human capital. A well...

..., for the first time, with a degree of financial independence. This is usually regarded as an attractive incentive to enter the dual system. Industry and commerce bear the cost of in‐company training, including trainee remuneration while the state pays for the educational element in vocational schools...