..., horizontal and diagonal orientations. This approach allowed for controlled visual comparison, while limiting sensory immersion. The study involved 309 participants who completed an Interior Space Evaluation Questionnaire using a semantic differential scale. All physical properties other than the type...

...Hakan Yılmaz; Kemal Yıldırım; Mehmet Lutfi Hidayetoglu Purpose This study aims to determine the effects of three different carrier system materials (laminated wooden beams, post-tensioned concrete beams and steel beams) used widely in interior spaces on the perceptual evaluations of respondents...