... costs, prolongs timelines, and compromises sustainability. Rework consumes additional resources, generates excessive waste, increases accident risks, and leads to claims, disputes, and litigation—contradicting the principles of sustainable construction. Recent studies reveal that rework in sustainable...

... on sites will lead to a reduction in workers' compensation, insurance claims, a decrease in litigation charges, reduced time loss and increased productivity. Most construction site accidents are caused by scaffolding erection, dismantling, malfunctioning and collapsing (Zhou et al., 2015...