Figure 1 Proposed research framework A conceptual framework illustrates direct, indirect, and moderating relationships among five constructs and six hypotheses. The framework links Immersive Technology Integration, I T I, Futures Oriented Curriculum Design, F O C C D, Student Engagement, S E, ... More about this image found in Proposed research framework A conceptual framework illustrates direct, i...

Figure 2 Measurement model with factor loadings and AVE values generated from PLS-algorithm A structural equation model presents measurement indicators, path coefficients, and moderating effects among five constructs. The model includes Immersive Technology Integration with indicator loading... More about this image found in Measurement model with factor loadings and AVE values generated from PLS-...

Figure 3 Structural model with beta and p-values from bootstrapping 10,000 resampling process A structural path diagram presents relationships and moderating effects among five constructs with path coefficients and significance values. The diagram links Immersive Technology Integration, Student Engagement, Futures Oriented Curriculum Design, Digital Readiness, and Futures Literacy. Immersive Technology Integration connects to Student Engagement with a path coefficient of 0.454 and a significance value of 0.000. Futures Oriented Curriculum Design connects to Student Engagement with a coefficient of 0.307 and a significance value of 0.002. Student Engagement connects to Futures Literacy with a coefficient of 0.396 and a significance value of 0.000. Immersive Technology Integration connects directly to Futures Literacy with a coefficient of 0.317 and a significance value of 0.000. Futures Oriented Curriculum Design connects directly to Futures Literacy with a coefficient of 0.292 and a significance value of 0.002. Digital Readiness moderates the relationship between Immersive Technology Integration and Futures Literacy with a coefficient of negative 0.043 and a significance value of 0.284. Digital Readiness also moderates the relationship between Futures Oriented Curriculum Design and Futures Literacy with a coefficient of 0.126 and a significance value of 0.004. Explained variance values include 0.406 for Student Engagement and 0.726 for Futures Literacy. More about this image found in Structural model with beta and p-values from bootstrapping...

Figure 1 Proposed hybrid sigmoid regression genetic algorithm model A flowchart shows sigmoid regression model optimisation through a genetic algorithm. The flow starts with load consumption and weather data, then moves to the sigmoid regression model for error measurements, M A P E and R 2. T... More about this image found in Proposed hybrid sigmoid regression genetic algorithm model A flowchart s...

Figure 2 Daily electricity load (in million amperes) data from 2014–2019 A line graph shows load in millions of A over dates from 2014 to 2019. The graph plots millions of A against date from 21 January 2014 to after 14 July 2019. The line fluctuates between about 0.9 and 2.5, with repeated ri... More about this image found in Daily electricity load (in million amperes) data from 2014–2019 A line g...

Figure 3 MAPE - generation graph for model 2014 A line graph shows M A P E values across 10 repetitions by generation. The graph plots M A P E against generation from 1 to 25 for repetitions 1 to 10. Repetition 6 peaks near 59 at generation 2, and repetition 2 peaks near 47 at generation 2 a... More about this image found in MAPE - generation graph for model 2014 A line graph shows M A P E value...

Figure 4 Load estimations for model 2014 and model 2015 on training data A line graph compares load with model 2014 and model 2015 values across dates. The graph plots load in millions of A against date from 26 January 2014 to 31 December 2018. The load varies between about 0.9 and 2.4, with r... More about this image found in Load estimations for model 2014 and model 2015 on training data A line g...

Figure 5 Load estimations for model 2014 and model 2015 on training data A line graph compares load with model 2014 and model 2015 values across dates. The graph plots load in millions of A against date from 26 January 2014 to 31 December 2018. The load curve fluctuates between about 0.9 and 2... More about this image found in Load estimations for model 2014 and model 2015 on training data A line g...

Figure 6 Winter and summer models load data A line graph compares summer model load and winter model load across dates. The graph plots load multiplied by 100000 A against date from 27 December 2014 to October 2018. The summer model load curve varies between about 9 and 18 and appears during a... More about this image found in Winter and summer models load data A line graph compares summer model lo...

Figure 7 Fitness - generations training process for six models: (a) Model W-TAvg, (b) Model W-TMin, (c) Model W-TMax, (d) Model S-TAvg, (e) Model S-TMin, (f) Model S-TMax Six graphs show fitness values across generations for different repetition groups. The panel a shows fitness, M A P E divid... More about this image found in Fitness - generations training process for six models: (a) Model W-TAvg, (b...

Figure 8 Estimated and forecasted load consumptions (a) estimation on training data, (b) forecasts on test data Two graphs compare load, estimated or forecast values, seasonal naive values, and average temperature. The panel a shows load, estimated values, seasonal naive values, and average te... More about this image found in Estimated and forecasted load consumptions (a) estimation on training data,...

Figure 1 Overview of the research methodology A workflow shows data collection, pre-processing, processing, and post-processing steps for topic investigation and trend analysis. The workflow has 4 linked stages. Data Collection lists database as Web of Science Core Collection, search string as... More about this image found in Overview of the research methodology A workflow shows data collection, p...

Figure 2 Trends in Annual Publications from 2000–2023 Note(s): The observed decrease in 2024 is likely due to the year not being complete at the time of this analysis (as of November 2024). Consequently, 724 articles from 2024 have been excluded from the plot to ensure a clearer illustration ... More about this image found in Trends in Annual Publications from 2000–2023 Note(s): The observed decre...

Figure 3 Word clouds map (clusters) Ten word clouds group publication keywords by cluster, with biomass, control, forest, solar, nuclear, forecast, system, teng, wind, and adsorption most prominent. The word clouds list 10 clusters with document counts. Cluster 1 has 2189 documents and highlig... More about this image found in Word clouds map (clusters) Ten word clouds group publication keywords by...

Figure 4 Cluster Centroid map A bubble plot places 10 clusters between production and service, and between device and methods, with topics including biomass, solar power, and nuclear power. The bubble plot has a vertical axis from Service to Production and a horizontal axis from Device to Meth... More about this image found in Cluster Centroid map A bubble plot places 10 clusters between production...

Figure A1 Elbow method plot and Silhouette score to identify optimum k value Two line plots compare cluster counts with distortion and silhouette score, where distortion decreases and silhouette score mostly declines. The first plot is titled The Elbow Method showing the optimal number of clus... More about this image found in Elbow method plot and Silhouette score to identify optimum k value Two l...