... nested hierarchies. There are causal relations between systems at a particular level that generate events in the world” Mingers (2011 , p. 316). Mingers explained systems thinking by postulating that its concepts of holism, totality and causality are embodied in CR philosophy as developed by Roy Bhaskar...

... relationships therein, and anticipate as well as discover emerging issues. Findings The scenario building tools allowed the RPO analysts to use systems thinking to build systems maps and influence diagrams to help identify critical drivers based on influence and to understand the relationships...