...” Keywords: Grey determinant, Grey linear equations, Grey mathematics, Grey systems theory, Linear algebra, Mathematical modelling, Missing information, Number-covered set Originality/value – Practical implications – Findings – Design/methodology/approach – Purpose...

... are intervals and the results enrich the contents of grey mathematics. A covered model is only the range of the true model and is based on the information background of a grey linear program. When the information background of a grey model changes, the range of the grey model differs and the covered model...

...Qiao‐Xing Li; Nai‐Ang Wang; Shi‐Cheng Chen Purpose This paper attempts to establish the conceptional and computational systems of grey determinant and apply it to solve n grey equations with n grey linear equations, which can be viewed as the important parts of grey mathematics...