... to systematically resolve such inconsistencies. Design/methodology/approach The framework employs Grey Systems Theory to quantify ranking uncertainties through interval grey numbers. A Python-coded algorithm compares these grey numbers using possibility degree functions, enabling systematic aggregation...

... by systemic and environmental parameters. Task times and learning effect are encoded with grey numbers for the U-type line balancing problem. Design/methodology/approach A 0–1 mathematical model is developed by considering the grey learning effect and grey task times within the framework of grey system...

... that Istanbul is a center of attraction in many respects, this result is not a surprise for many people. It is also observed that the results obtained overlap with similar studies in the literature. Originality/value Grey system theory and grey numbers have not been previously used to select the most...

..., a concept of concrete and abstractive grey numbers was introduced and relationships between these categories of numbers and the degree of greyness were determined. Originality/value The proposed approach to the issue of the degree of greyness is a theoretical unification of the previous considerations...

...Oğuzhan Ahmet Arık; Erkan Köse; Jeffrey Forrest Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present a mixed integer programming model for simple assembly line balancing problems (SALBP) with Type 1 when the annual demand and task durations are uncertain and encoded with grey numbers. Design...

... and it contributes undoubtedly to make GST perfect. Originality/value Grey information is explained in terms of limited data and two types of grey numbers. Accordingly, all of the grey system models were divided into limited data-based grey system models and grey number-based grey system models. For example...

...Shuli Yan; Sifeng Liu; Xiaqing Liu Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a new method about dynamic decision problems with three-parameter grey numbers from other angle of view which not only aggregates the attribute values of alternatives of all the periods, but also excavates...

...Shuli Yan; Sifeng Liu Purpose – With respect to multi-stage group risk decision-making problems in which all the attribute values take the form of grey number, and the weights of stages and decision makers are unknown, the purpose of this paper is to propose a new decision-making method based...

... is in a numerical interval. Design/methodology/approach – The proposed method deals with grey relational analysis (GRA) and develops it by applying triangular fuzzy numbers. The grey numbers have two defined bounds; the proposed method defines two fuzzy bounds for each grey attribute. In the proposed method...

... chains based on their performance extent. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – The work explores the concept of grey numbers combined with multi-objective optimization by ratio analysis (MOORA) in perceptive to evaluate best alternative from among available...