... Publishing Limited Licensed re-use rights only Discrimination Substance misuse Addiction Stigma Drugs policy Models of stigma describe processes whereby an out-group is first identified by labelling on the basis of identifiable or perceived characteristics; subjected to stereotypes...

... in recovery, impacted family members and loved ones, and professionals in the treatment field. Findings Participants identified 60 different terms that are considered stigmatizing or positive. Previously identified stigmatizing terms (abuser, addict) were present for all stakeholder groups...

... 2010 Personal health Cigarettes Addiction The Netherlands The smoking of tobacco continues to be a major preventable cause of illness and premature death. The Surgeon General concluded that smoking “harms nearly every organ of the body, causing many diseases and reducing the health...

... of mobile phone use on smoking behaviour in this particular group. Practical implications Mobile phone use may serve as a displacement behaviour for smoking in adolescents and may provide an example of a positive – as opposed to a negative – addiction, given that it is a potential alternative to smoking...

.... Originality/value The findings provide important guidance for health educators developing anti‐smoking campaigns. The findings provide assistance in the development of targeting and message strategy guidelines. Tobacco Health education Cigarettes Expenditure Addiction Australia For over 40...