... tried e-cigarettes? (Rationale: determine higher risk adolescent populations to refine program target) Is self-efficacy to resist and risk perceptions regarding e-cigarette use associated with intentions to use e-cigarettes? (Rationale: confirm the CTV theory of change) How does the CTV program...

..., perceived risk and current smoking status were key determinants for anti-smoking attitude and behavior. Originality/value Findings highlight the importance of effective dissemination of the state law and recommend a strategic intervention design that invokes risk perceptions of secondhand smoke...