...Endalkachew Getachew Ushachew; Mukesh Kumar Sharma; Mohammad Mehdi Rashidi Purpose The purpose of this study is to explore the heat transfer enhancement in copper–water nanofluid flowing in a diagonally vented rectangular enclosure with four discrete heaters mounted centrally on the sidewalls...

... media, Pr_m = 0.015 and 7.2 at a modified Rayleigh number, Ra_m = 10⁶ involving the strategic placement of double heaters along the vertical or inclined arms (types 1-3). Adaptive mesh refinement is implemented based on the lengths of discrete heaters...