Concrete disease — diagnosis and cure

Reinforced concrete is a very durable material, often specified because of the expectations of a long maintenance‐free life. However, it is also an easily abused material. It derives its strength from chemical change and both its physical and its chemical form provide corrosion protection to the reinforcement. It is, therefore, highly sensitive to the contents of the mix and in particular to any additives or pollutants which might affect the chemical composition.