... parameters for an initial engineering design by a simple aerodynamic and flight dynamic parametric study. Design/methodology/approach A mathematical analysis was performed to understand the aerodynamics and flight dynamics of the micro-air vehicle (MAV). Only the forces due to the flapping wing were...

... feedback controllers which are implemented in the ground station and transmitted to the ornithopter. Due to the complexity and nonlinearity of aerodynamics and flexible multibody dynamics, the flight dynamics of ornithopter are difficult to realize in the closed form of state‐space system equations...