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Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present Kautilya's ideas on international trade.
Design/methodology/approach
A non‐technical descriptive approach is followed.
Findings
Kautilya implicitly proposes a theory of gains from trade and recommends imports promotion rather than export promotion.
Research limitations/implications
It is indicated that our current understanding regarding international trade during ancient times is quite inadequate.
Practical implications
There will be no need for current endless negotiations if countries commit themselves to Kautilya's policy of import promotion.
Originality/value
The paper provides insights into trade patterns during the ancient times.
© Emerald Group Publishing Limited
2009
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