... by managers in the operation of a kanban system. In this case, local rules were used to optimise chances of survival by deflecting senior management criticism of potential stockouts in the system. The local rules used by the managers were modelled and their success and unintended consequences were reported...

... necessary for the average of the items not served by cycle to reach the desired level. Analyses the use of a conditional probability distribution to ascertain the safety stock necessary to guarantee, when stockout occurs, that the average of the number of items not available equals a predefined value...