Guest editorial

The COVID-19 virus pandemic has resulted in severe consequences not only on the social level but also on the economic one, leading to severe shockwaves through global supply chains (Ivanov 2020; Sharma et al., 2020; Khan and Ponce, 2021; Belhadi et al., 2020). Disturbances in supply and demand have been deepening bullwhip effects and generating shortages in supply, workers and ancillary, in addition to price fluctuations (Nikolopoulos et al., 2020). This can be explained by travel and trade restrictions, lockdowns worldwide and consumer behavior shifts.

In this context, serious concerns...