..., a model must be developed to link the fluctuation observed during the study period to future fluctuations. Without a model of the process fluctuation, the implicit assumption is that the process behavior during the sampling period is repeated identically again and again. The purpose of having a model...

...Phil Robinson; Martin Ringer This paper introduces The Layered Systems Model and describes how it can be applied to assist project managers to be effective at all stages of project design and delivery. Conventional rational problem solving techniques for difficult projects are supplemented...