...Jan-Jan Soon Purpose This paper focusses on how the educated and less-educated middle class react differently to income increases, against an intertwined literature backdrop of Engel's law, quality of life, aspirational and conspicuous consumption. The paper seeks to answer two main questions...

...Mariam Shahzadi; Muhammad Faraz Riaz; Sofia Anwar; Samia Nasreen Purpose Strengthening the middle class has become a major policy goal in both developed and developing economies due to its social, economic, cultural and political importance. Keeping in view the importance of middle class...