... Publishing Limited 2021 Emerald Publishing Limited Licensed re-use rights only Social spending Social exclusion Regional disparities Efficiency DEA C14 I31 I38 Spain is one of the European Union (EU) countries with the highest risk levels of poverty or social exclusion...

...Amélia Bastos; Carla Machado Purpose While the literature commonly analyses child poverty and social exclusion data covering a single year, less is known about children who fall in and out of poverty over a longer period. The present research intends to address this gap by investigating...

... the traditional income approach as the former approach consists of any form of inequity and social exclusion from living conditions essential to human dignity. The living conditions correspond to the capabilities of individuals, households and communities to their basic needs on the dimensions of nutrition...

... legally recognise such organizations and that would enable them to tap EU funding would contribute positively (Heckl et al., 2007, p. 16). These developments can boost vulnerable groups' integration in the workforce, minimize unemployment and prevent them from social exclusion. In conclusion...