...Farshid Rashidiyan; Seyed Rasoul Mirghaderi; Saeed Mohebbi; Sina Kavei Purpose This research study focuses on investigating the seismic performance of non-straight beams in steel structures and exploring the mechanism by which plastic hinges are formed within these beams. The findings contribute...

... elements where plastic hinges can be formed. Each plastic hinge is modeled as a discrete point hinge having its length as 5 percent of the span length for hinges in beams, and 5 percent of the storey height for hinges in columns (Paulay and Priestley, 1992). The nonlinear behavior of hinges was represented...