... considered it at the operational level, which is more important for a container terminal. Besides, we seldom find QCDCP research considering the balance between energy cost and operation efficiency in former studies. Container terminal Mixed integer programming Delay risk Double-cycling...

.... Moreover, this paper proposes to model the delay risk by using the period between the expected arrival time and the expected waiting time of a vessel. Lastly, the authors propose a new modified genetic algorithm and a new quay crane assignment heuristic to maximize the schedule reliability of BA-QCA...