... structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was leveraged to analyze 326 valid sample data. To provide robust results, three non-parametric multigroup analysis (MGA) methods, including the PLS-MGA, confidence set, and permutation test approaches, were applied to detect the potential heterogeneity between the free...

... least squares structural equation modelling (PLS–SEM) Invariance assessment Multigroup analysis In recent years, organisations have increased their use of Information Systems (IS) and Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) as necessary elements to bolster the effectiveness...