...Le Thuy An Dang; Quang Huy Duong; Li Zhou; Meng Meng Purpose As global supply chains shift from linear to circular models, resilience in reverse logistics and closed-loop supply chains (RL and CLSC) remains underexplored and fragmented, despite its critical role in mitigating disruptions...

... and addresses gaps in modeling supply chain resilience in general and specifically for vaccines in order to guide researchers and practitioners alike to improve critical function of vaccine supply chains in the face of inevitable disruptions. Design/methodology/approach Systematic review of the literature...

... BCES and L-A-D. Accordingly, research propositions and a research framework are proposed. Research limitations/implications Given the limited sample size, the generalizability of the findings is limited. Our findings extend supply chain resiliency research. A series of propositions provide...