...Qinyang Bai; Xaioqin Yin; Ming K. Lim; Chenchen Dong Purpose This paper studies low-carbon vehicle routing problem (VRP) for cold chain logistics with the consideration of the complexity of the road network and the time-varying traffic conditions, and then a low-carbon cold chain logistics routing...

...Gaoyuan Qin; Fengming Tao; Lixia Li; Zhenyu Chen Purpose In order to reduce logistics transportation costs and respond to low-carbon economy, the purpose of this paper is to study the more practical and common simultaneous pickup and delivery vehicle routing problem, which considers the carbon tax...

... distribution costs, the authors establish a vehicle routing problem with a food safety Risk coefficient and a Time Window (VRPRTW) for perishable foods. Then, the Weight-Parameter Whale Optimization Algorithm (WPWOA) which introduces inertia weight and dynamic parameter into the native whale optimization...

... operations research and mathematical modelling approaches. This paper presents an alternative and novel lean thinking and simulation-based approach to improve the efficiency of routing operations. Vehicle routing problem Lean routing Transportation efficiency Transportation waste elimination Value...