... practices inherent to Shariah compliance, which enhance firms’ ability to withstand economic shocks. The results are robust across different measures of operating profitability and various robustness tests. Practical implications The findings highlight the importance of financial conservatism in SC...

... makes it a better asset for use as collateral (FSB, 2022b). Cryptoassets Crypto exchange Financial inclusion Security tokens SMEs Shariah compliance Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) play an important role in job creation, poverty alleviation and economic growth in emerging economies...

... (donation) philosophy fundamental of Islamic insurance. Thus, the adoption of “contribution” for Islamic insurance payment for services, and the term “rating” for conventional insurance payment for insurance services. Profit distribution Islamic insurance Shariah compliance Risk-sharing...