... The results show that, in a voluntary disclosure regime, ESG disclosure has a positive impact, whereas in a mandatory disclosure regime, GHG emissions disclosure has a negative impact on firm value. The results also indicate that when a firm discloses both its GHG emissions and ESG performance information...

...Samya Tahir; Sadaf Ehsan; Mohammad Kabir Hassan; Qamar Uz Zaman Purpose This study examines the moderating effects of low and high levels of voluntary disclosures (VDs) between corporate governance and information asymmetry (IA). Design/methodology/approach The study used PROCESS macro...