... Publishing Limited 2025 Emerald Publishing Limited Licensed re-use rights only alkali-free accelerators alumina to sulfur ratio C₃A cement cementitious materials compatibility C₃S C-S-H gypsum content mechanism of action Shotcrete is extensively employed...

... (Ca₃SiO₅ with foreign ions; hereafter referred to as C₃S) and up to 60 wt% belite (β-Ca₂SiO₄; hereafter referred to as β-C₂S); these are two minerals that have hydraulic properties and are the main reactive components of ordinary Portland cement...

... silicate (C₃S) and Portland cement paste and mortar. The dosage of nAl was varied from 1 to 5% (by weight) in C₃S and from 0.1 to 1.0% in Portland cement, with a water/cement ratio of 0.4. The hydration studies showed that the nAl increased the cross-linkage in calcium silicate...

...Renhe Yang; Tingshu He The objective of this study was to explore the influence of an alkali liquid accelerator based on sodium aluminate (ASa) on the early hydration behaviour of cement paste, tricalcium aluminate (C₃A) and tricalcium silicate (C₃S) and identify its...

... material, increased the liquid phase content and promoted the formation of minerals. The addition of PT was found to stabilise α′-C₂S crystals and promoted the change of C₃S crystals in the clinker from T-type to M-type. The addition of PT had no significant effect...

... on the carbonation properties and morphology of tricalcium aluminate (C₃A) and tricalcium silicate (C₃S) hydration products. After an accelerated carbonation test, the relative contents of ettringite (AFt), calcium hydroxide (CH) and calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) in the hydration...

... quantitative analysis. The results showed that the incorporation of titanium dioxide (TiO₂) stabilised the highly active α′_H-belite (C₂S), but over 1% will form calcium titanate (CaTiO₃) The crystal form of alite (C₃S) was T3→M1→M3...

... and late ages is poor. In this study, this drawback was improved by clinker mineral design. Alite (C₃S) in Portland cement clinker was used as a seed crystal to induce new C₃S in CSA clinker. The role of the introduction of C₃S and the effect of commonly used CSA admixtures...

...Shiju Joseph; Özlem Cizer The effect of grinding hydrated tricalcium silicate (C₃S) pastes on the bound water content (BWC) measured by thermogravimetric analysis was investigated. The samples were subjected to different curing regimes at 20°C and 40°C at a constant water to cement ratio...

... silicate (C₃S) were investigated by hydration heat studies, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis and field emission scanning electron microscopy. It was found that C₃S hydration was accelerated by the incorporation of GO and that GO may have a catalytic effect...