... reaction, generating hydration products like ettringite and calcium silicate hydrate gels, which fill the pores, improve the pore structure of the composite binder and enhance the compressive strength. In comparison to the control paste, the 28-day strength of the cement–LS paste with 10% LS and 20% LS...

... carbonation initially reduced the compressive strength of the mortar due to ettringite destabilisation but promoted subsequent strength recovery, with 28-day strengths comparable to those of the air-cured samples. TGA and X-ray diffraction confirmed progressive ettringite consumption and the formation...

... with stoichiometric calcium hydroxide and sodium carbonate. Compressive strength, drying shrinkage and weight change were monitored up to 112 days under dry and saturated conditions, extending previous studies limited to compressive strength up to 28 days under dry curing. For the first time...

... rate but increased cumulative heat release. Microscopically, 28-day hydrated samples with 0.2% LC and 0.8% PCE exhibited shortened, diverse short-columnar ettringite with higher density, boosting the 28-day compressive strength to 82.4 MPa. Table 1. Chemical composition of HBCSA cement...

... effects of polycarboxylate superplasticiser ( PCE ) and calcium nitrite additions on the fluidity, setting times and compressive strengths of BTCSA . The hydration kinetics and microstructural evolution of BTCSA were characterised using isothermal conduction calorimetry, X-ray diffraction and scanning...

... learning algorithms were used to developa model to predict the compressive strength of SAP geopolymers, along with a graphical user interface for strength prediction. The results showed that the random forest regression model delivered the best predictive performance (R²...

... ), and the resulting hydrates were likely to have been calcium (alkali) aluminosilicate hydrate (C–(N)–A–S–H) gels. The vitreous precursors with a small amount of crystalline phases resulted in higher compressive strength than the completely vitreous ones. R–C–A–S vitreous precursors could be synthesised without using...

... the mechanism of enhancing the pozzolanic activity of FA in the cementitious system by introducing 0.05% GO . The results confirmed that the incorporation of GO significantly enhanced FA’s pozzolanic activity. In addition, both the degree of hydration and the compressive strength of the cement paste were...

... time. The resulting AAC blocks achieved a bulk density of 724 kg/m³ and a compressive strength of 7.00 MPa, demonstrating that the CBCSA preserved environmental benefits while enhancing the production efficiency of AAC . Corresponding author Xirui Lu (luxiruimvp116@163.com...

...Shaojun Zheng; Tianle Liu; Huaimeng Gu; Hao Xu; Tian Dai; Jiaxin Sun; Changliang Fang; Guosheng Jiang This study investigates the impact of silica fume ( SF ) on the rheological behaviour, compressive strength and microstructure of oil-well lightweight cement pastes ( OLCP ) that incorporate hollow...

... on compressive strength were analysed, and the response surface method was used to optimise the influencing factors. Finally, the hydration mechanism of GFBG was investigated under optimal conditions. The results showed that when the GBFS:FA ratio was 3:2, the flowability of fresh slurry was 171 mm...

... temperature (particularly high temperatures) on the strength of PAC and its hydration products were investigated in this study. The evolution of PAC’s properties under curing at 90–150°C curing was studied using compressive strength tests, permeability analysis, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron...

...Yingchen Zhang; Xu Li; Yupeng Shen; Yongming Cai; Liao Wang; Xin Yan The strength of cement-treated soil (CTS) is influenced by various factors, including the curing conditions and the cement content. To investigate the mechanisms underlying these influences, unconfined compressive strength tests...

... pentahydrate (Na₂SiO₃·5H₂O) and anhydrous sodium metasilicate (Na₂SiO₃-anhydrous). Various parameters were explored, such as compressive strength, electrical resistivity, mass and volume changes, and acid penetration depth. X-ray diffraction, scanning...

... to predict the frost resistance of RAC. A database was compiled from 616 mixes in the peer-reviewed literature, and eight variables affecting the freeze–thaw resistance of RAC were taken as inputs. The compressive strength, mass loss rate and relative dynamic elastic modulus after freeze–thaw cycles were...

... with Rietveld refinement. The hydration behaviour, phase assemblage evolution and mechanical performance of the cements were examined using isothermal calorimetry, XRD, thermogravimetric analysis and compressive strength testing, respectively, up to 90 days of curing. It is demonstrated that LC can be used...

... to unhydrated cementitious particles. In this study, the effect of steel fiber content on the long-term stability of UHPC in tap water, outdoor, and seawater environments over 720 days was investigated. In these three environments, adding 1–3% steel fiber increased the compressive strength of the UHPC by 4.5...

... reduces the water permeability of concrete. Furthermore, NS particles can also improve the compressive strength of concrete due to the pozzolanic reaction with calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)_{2) (Jo et al., 2007 ; Liu et al., 2019 ; Zhuang and Chen, 2019). Ramezanianpour et al}...

... used to mitigate autogenous shrinkage. Some studies report a decrease in compressive strength and attribute it to the addition of SAP, while others argue that the real issue is the use additional water. The aim of this study is to analyze the state of the art regarding the influence of additional water...

... in the acceleration period and enhances cumulative hydration heat flow, indicating enhanced hydration of silicates. Owing to the enhanced cement hydration with the adoption of LDH-PCE, more hydration products form in the matrix, and contribute to improved compressive strength. Among the four kinds of LDH-PCEs...