... ( BFA ) is one of the possible materials. Given the extremely high variability in the mineralogical, chemical and microstructural properties of these ashes, a large number of samples must be explored. This study presents a physicochemical characterisation of wood and paper BFA, offering guidelines...

... energy energy analysis fibre-reinforced concrete fibre rubber concrete mechanical properties microstructure multi-parametric interactions PVA micro-fibre UN SDG 9: Industry, innovation and infrastructure UN SDG 11: Sustainable cities and communities UN SDG 12: Responsible consumption...

... 11 06 2026 © 2026 Emerald Publishing Limited 2026 Emerald Publishing Limited Licensed re-use rights only cement cementitious materials calcium sulfoaluminate–belite cement clinkering clinkering reactions hydration microstructure red mud synthesis Global cement...

... to clarify the influence of S ¯ /A ratio on the hydration mechanism, phase assemblage, thermal behaviour, microstructure and pore structure, respectively. The findings suggest that replacing CAC with gypsum accelerates the hydration reactions and reduces the cumulative heat release, while...

... (0.20–0.30) and APAM dosage (0–1.5 wt% of the combined mass of magnesia and phosphate) on the workability (fluidity, setting time and bleeding rate), mechanical properties (compressive strength, flexural strength and tensile bond strength) and microstructural characteristics of MPCG were...

... heat tests reveal that the combined use of BOFS and sodium lactate significantly inhibits early hydration, leading to a more porous initial microstructure. This porosity facilitates the dissolution of slag during the later stages of hydration. Furthermore, the chelating properties of lactate ions...

... environments at 20°C and 60°C. The compressive strength evolution of CAC mortars was tracked over 56 days. The underlying mechanisms were elucidated by analysing the phase composition, microstructure, and pore structure of CAC paste specimens, complemented by monitoring the chemistry of the exposure...

... size and a densified microstructure. Incorporating carbonated recycled powder ( CRP ) into cement paste improved the compressive and flexural strengths as compared with the addition of non-carbonated RP, particularly at the 15% replacement level, where the strengths approached those of the plain cement...

...Vaishnav Kumar Shenbagam; Piyush Chaunsali Calcium sulfoaluminate belite ( CSAB ) cement is an alternative low carbon binder with ye’elimite, belite and calcium sulfate as the primary reactive phases. Ye’elimite hydrates rapidly to form ettringite, which contributes to a dense microstructure, rapid...

... in this paper. 10 01 2025 25 09 2025 © 2025 Emerald Publishing Limited 2025 Emerald Publishing Limited Licensed re-use rights only alkali-activated cements compressive strength material characterisation mechanical properties mechanisms microstructure UN SDG 13: Climate action...

... and evolution of ASR products was explored. By incorporating varying amounts of calcium oxide, the characteristics of ASR products (composition and microstructure) in SSC under different calcium/silicon molar ratios (CSRs) were systematically examined, elucidating the influence of the CSR on ASR...

... analysis with Portland cement ( PC ) mortar. The setting times, compressive strengths and autogenous shrinkage of mortars were measured, and the hydration kinetics, phase assemblage and microstructural evolution were characterised. Key findings revealed distinct responses between the two systems...

... the initiation system. cement paste dual initiator microstructure polymerisation kinetics superplasticisers f initiation efficiency f_D diffusion-control term f₀ initial initiation efficiency [I] concentration of initiator...

... improving the strength of the CG. High-quality CG will improve the performance of downstream building products, thereby broadening the utilisation of desulfurised gypsum. dewatering industrial wastes microstructure recycling & reuse of materials strength & testing of materials...

... phases is poorly known. Based on glow-discharge mass spectrometry and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, the present paper shows for the first time the repartition of Li at the scale of a microstructure of clinker with a 200 nm lateral resolution. Li is correlated to both Al and Fe...

...Majid Rostami; Kourosh Nasrollahzadeh; Daia Zwicky The study presented here examined the durability and microstructural properties of one-part alkali-activated slag concrete (AASC) exposed to a nitric acid environment (pH = 1). The alkali activators employed included sodium metasilicate...

...) + aluminium oxide (Al₂O₃) + iron (III) oxide (Fe₂O₃) content of the pozzolan. Also, microstructural analysis through scanning electron microscopy reflected the presence of ettringite and Friedel’s salt from the scaled surface. Furthermore, except for compressive...

..., 2006). Eggshells have been used to replace limestone, and partially replacing cement with limestone has increased the strength development of the mortar due to the filling effect on the microstructure. However, eggshell cement mortar has exhibited lower mechanical properties at all substitution levels...

...Beixing Li; Yucheng Yang; An Huang; Liang Huang; Yuxin Guo This research explores the effect of steam curing on the strength, durability and microstructure of concretes with and without mineral admixtures of fly ash (FA) and ground granulated blast-furnace slag powder (SL). Two types of C55...

... at 10–80° and the scanning speed was 10°/min. 07 06 2023 25 06 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited: All rights reserved 2025 cement stone compressive strength C-S-H high-ground-temperature environment microstructure H relative humidity T...