... Asymmetric information Earnings Management guidance Analyst forecasts Diligence Objectivity Quality Accuracy Hausman specification test Wald test Bayesian Market efficiency Big data in finance K22 M41 G12 G14 G24 C23 C26 The U.S. Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA...

...) versus Two Stage Least Squares (2SLS). The test of Objectivity versus Non-Objectivity Models provides the index of objectivity, which equals the p-value of the Wald Test of zero coefficients versus non-zero coefficients in 2SLS regression of the earnings forecast residual. The exponent...