... et al., 2010). On a lower level of hierarchy, plant cell walls show a hydration-dependent nanometer-scale porosity derived from the arrangement of the cellulose fibrils (Lichtenegger et al., 1999 ; Reiterer et al., 1999). biomimetic materials multiscale structure...

...)). biomaterial sea urchin tooth hierarchical hybrid composite mesocrystal 3-d crystallographic co-orientation multiscale structure functional nanobiomaterial self-sharpening Sea urchins such as Paracentrotus lividus graze the rock surfaces on sea floor for algae or other microorganisms...