...Graham Cole; Joanne Elizabeth Saunders The reliable assessment of masonry arch bridges is crucial for ensuring their structural integrity and safe operation. Traditional methods, such as the Military Engineering Experimental Establishment method, have been shown to have limitations in accurately...

... and level measurement. The overall and local stiffness characteristics of the bridge structure are also analysed. The results indicate that the structural integrity is optimal, and the macroscopic stiffness on the symmetrical sides of the main span is consistent. Using advanced large-scale non...