Monitoring Cityringen Metro project in Copenhagen, Denmark

Due to open in 2019, Cityringen Metro in Copenhagen, Denmark, consists of 17 underground stations, five shafts and 15·57 km of twin tunnels. Construction is in dense urban areas and much of the tunnelling was in soft ground or mixed-face conditions. Continuous monitoring of the ground, structures, groundwater, noise and vibration has been critical to successful completion of the 8 year project. Monitoring data were also used to justify design changes to avoid intrusive mitigation measures. Illustrated with case studies, this paper describes the scope of the monitoring and how the extensive amount of data was managed.