...; the companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange, then the SMEs and the lowest level is the underground economy. Third, the authors did not distinguish the levels of success for the empowerment programs that are conducted by either the GoI or the local governments. This study recognizes that the authors...

... and self-development); some are related to management (keeping accurate and comprehensive records about employees’ data, achievements, attendance and training courses besides job laws and rules); some are related to performance (e.g. motivation, evaluation and empowerment); and finally, some are related...