Thermal insulation polymer composites reinforced with red brick waste and date palm fibers

The demand for nonconventional and energy-efficient construction materials is increasing, particularly for applications in arid regions where conventional materials are limited by high temperatures. This study focuses on the development and characterization of poly(methyl methacrylate)-based polymer composites reinforced with red brick waste (RBW) and palm date leaf fibers (PDLFs). Six composite formulations were prepared using a controlled cold-mixing process to prevent thermal degradation of natural fibers and mineral particles. The composites were molded and naturally cured. Their microstructural features were examined using scanning electron microscopy to assess fiber–matrix interaction and filler dispersion, while X-ray diffraction was used to identify RBW crystalline phases. Mechanical properties, including tensile, flexural, and compressive strengths, were evaluated according to ASTM standards. Thermal conductivity and key physical properties, such as density, water absorption, specific heat capacity, and glass transition temperature, were also measured. The results indicate that the hybrid formulation containing 18.18 wt% RBW and 6.06 wt% PDLF exhibits a balanced combination of mechanical strength and thermal insulation performance, with low thermal conductivity and good thermal stability, demonstrating strong potential for sustainable construction applications in arid regions.