Taguchi and ANOVA approach for optimization of flow characteristics of self-compacting concrete

Sand-rich self-compacting concrete (SCC) with high volume of fly ash requires specific experimental design for optimized response in freshened state. The analysis of the results of an experimental investigation by Taguchi method for optimization of the effect of size of coarse aggregate and fine aggregate content on the quality characteristics of SCC are presented in this study. Slump flow diameter, V-funnel flow time, U-box rise and segregation index are considered as the response parameters of the freshened SCC. The mixes were designed for a fixed water–powder ratio and aggregate–powder ratio to achieve the desired compressive strength. The basic mix was determined based on mortar trial test and for a larger context of a test program on hardened SCC. The analysis revealed size of coarse aggregate and fine aggregate contents for optimum response of freshened SCC. The individual significant levels of the controlling factors in relation to the specific response characteristics are obtained. Thus, an understanding was developed on how the controlling factors influenced the freshened quality characteristics of SCC with high volume of fly ash and sand content. The confirmation test further verified the optimized results.