.... (corresponding author: bathurst-r@rmc.ca) 27 01 2016 29 07 2016 ICE Publishing: All rights reserved 2018 reinforced soils retaining walls sustainability a₁ vertical component of the wall facing inclination at front of wall (gravity wall case...

... at the time of design. This paper explains the principal parts and stages in an LCA methodology and demonstrates the approach using the examples of two conventional retaining wall types (gravity and cantilever type) and two mechanically stabilised earth (MSE) wall solutions using steel and polymeric soil...