... geothermal energy affordable & clean energy heat exchangers model test renewable energy temperature-related and thermal effects thermal performance tunnels and tunnelling National Natural Science Foundation of China 52278396 National Key R&D Program of China 2022YFB2601900...

... were employed to create design charts that enable preliminary estimation of heat exchange rates in sand based on groundwater level. air entry suction design charts energy tunnels groundwater level renewable energy suction thermal behaviour thermal performance unsaturated soils...