The dilemma for authors of a publication about wildlife aimed at those involved in the development process is where to target the detail. Too much natural history may leave the reader convinced of the need for action, but with questions about the practicalities of product procurement, installation and maintenance. Conversely, by focusing on the design and construction of a habitat feature, its purpose, and the broader conditions necessary for it to succeed, may not be clear.
Considerable thought has been given to the appropriate balance of content, with the author (an ecologist) collaborating with the Royal Institute of British Architects to produce guidance suitable for the broad target audience. Feedback from my urban design, architecture and conservation colleagues confirms that she has succeeded.
This publication is timely, as biodiversity enhancement is increasingly included in design specifications for new builds in response to initiatives such as the Code for Sustainable Homes. At the same time, there is a huge pressure for airtight construction from the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive. The techniques and materials being developed for low-carbon homes will leave few opportunities for nests or roosts, so these will inevitably need to be included as part of the building design. The central message within this guidance is that such features need not compromise the U value envelope or aesthetics, as long as they are considered early within the development process.
The introduction to wildlife associated with buildings and the chapter on relevant UK legislation and policies are both well written. However, it is the following section that sets this publication apart. The needs of a selection of species and species groups are considered, along with some common biodiversity enhancements (e.g. bat bricks and swift boxes). The pros and cons are given for different commercially available products and consideration is given to their incorporation into several types of new build. It is encouraging to see information on degree of fit to UK construction dimensions, and solutions to accommodating non-standard-sized products. Other information is given on maintenance requirements and the potential for causing nuisance to building users. This demonstrates awareness by the author that ecological performance is not the only criterion used when selecting such products.
While several commercially available products are evaluated, the guide also encourages the creation of bespoke features and provides information on the utility of different construction materials. The associated technical drawings are also used to illustrate the positioning of the commercial products evaluated elsewhere in the document. This takes a little getting used to, but is a minor inconvenience in what is otherwise a very easy to follow publication.
Although the guide aims to address the issue of delivering biodiversity gains as part of designs for low- or zero-carbon homes, it is currently a rather narrow target audience. I would therefore recommend this guide to anyone planning to enhance the biodiversity value of existing building stock in addition to those involved in new builds.
