... payment Forecasting Grey systems C53 D81 E42 Human progress is often a gradual process, marked by incremental improvements that lead to a more comfortable, healthier, and longer-lived population. However, at certain points in history, development accelerates significantly. The COVID-19...

... Emerald Publishing Limited Licensed re-use rights only Monetary union Nonperforming loan ratios Currency area Financial stability E02 E42 E52 G01 G21 From the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) to the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) and to the ultra-ambitious...

... 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited Licensed re-use rights only Funder of last resort Central bank private securities purchases Unconventional monetary policy Helicopter money E42 E58 K23 O23 Many central bankers have started reconsidering the role of central bank monetary...

... Public debt Financial instruments Government securities D53 E42 E44 E51 H63 In times of crisis, European Union (EU) member states demonstrate their willingness to support financial institutions – banks, insurance and investment companies that are in the process of bankruptcy...

... hypothesis E42 E52 E58 G21 G28 In a scenario where market participants possess substantial market power in the setting of market prices, neoclassical theory predicts that such participants (e.g. financial institutions) can set prices above corresponding marginal costs so as to increase...

...; the central bank transparency index that is used has never been utilized in this sort of analysis; and the study uses panel data methodology, and compares the results between different samples. E42 E43 E52 E58 According to Geraats et al. (2006) , central banks have become increasingly...