...Edward Nissan; Shahdad Naghshpour Purpose – The paper aims to investigate the connection between corruption and ethnic polarization and religious fractionalization. Design/methodology/approach – Analysis of variance and regression expectation models were used to identify groups of countries...

... and fractionalization measures. Findings It is found that inequality is positively associated with polarization and has an inverse‐U relationship with fractionalization. These findings are bolstered by findings of indirect effects of ethnic and religious heterogeneity on inequality through their influence...