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Keywords: GMM
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Journal Articles
Journal of Economic Studies 1–17.
Published: 02 December 2025
.... Design/methodology/approach Using an unbalanced panel of 126 countries from 1999 to 2022, the study applies a dynamic panel data framework based on two-step System Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) estimators. This approach accounts for potential endogeneity, autocorrelation, and heterogeneity across...
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Articles
Journal Articles
Journal of Economic Studies (2026) 53 (4): 824–838.
Published: 17 June 2025
... the risk of aggregation bias while capturing broader trends, this study examines the impact of aging on economic growth through the 15 largest global economies from 1991 to 2023. Both autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) method and generalized method of moments (GMM) were employed for analysis...
Journal Articles
Journal of Economic Studies (2025) 52 (6): 1060–1075.
Published: 13 September 2024
... data together with fixed-effects (FE), random effects (RE), fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS), dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS) and generalized method of moments (GMM) estimators for production function estimation. Findings The results indicate that ICTs, non-ICT (NICT) capital...
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Articles
Journal of Economic Studies (2025) 52 (2): 225–238.
Published: 10 May 2024
... and 2021. The data were analyzed using the two-step system generalized method of moments (GMM) and the panel-corrected standard error (PCSE) model. Findings The study found a positive effect of financial inclusion and bank stability on agricultural productivity. The study also discovered that while...
Journal Articles
Journal of Economic Studies (2024) 51 (1): 222–237.
Published: 07 June 2023
... Publishing Limited Licensed re-use rights only Energy poverty GMM Inflation Governance quality Access to clean energy is a necessary factor in the desire to achieve Sustainable Development. Sustainable Development Goal seven (SDG 7) seeks guaranteed, affordable, reliable and sustainable...
Journal Articles
Journal Articles
Journal of Economic Studies (2022) 49 (4): 699–715.
Published: 28 May 2021
... panel estimator GMM Dealing with sufficient, safe and nutritious foods to maintain an active and healthy life for everyone is the dominant challenge that society faces today on a global scale. The number of hungry people in the world is growing from 815 million in 2016 to 821 million in 2017...
Journal Articles
Journal of Economic Studies (2022) 49 (3): 453–471.
Published: 18 March 2021
... was obtained from the World Value Survey, World Bank and BankFocus from 2011 to 2018. Two-step system GMM estimator was used to examine the links between the GT and CIB with bank risk-taking in MENA region. Findings Results indicated that both GT and CIB negatively influenced bank risk-taking. Moreover...
Journal Articles
Journal of Economic Studies (2021) 48 (8): 1512–1527.
Published: 25 November 2020
... and Fixed Effects model estimations are calculated as a decision criterion to select proper GMM Method. The outcomes indicate that the proper estimation technique, which is a System-GMM model, evidences the U Feminisation Theory for the middle-income countries while controlling all other factors. Design...
Journal Articles
Journal Articles
Journal of Economic Studies (2019) 46 (7): 1345–1364.
Published: 11 November 2019
... the time to internalize knowledge flows coming from participating in export market. © Emerald Publishing Limited 2019 Emerald Publishing Limited Licensed re-use rights only Innovation Export GMM Firms Productivity F14 F10 F23 O30 D24 Anna Maria Ferragina can be contacted...
Journal Articles
Journal of Economic Studies (2018) 45 (6): 1192–1210.
Published: 12 November 2018
... expenditure and used to measure government size. Labour is proxied by the percentage of economically active population aged 15–64 years. Human capital Economic growth GMM Financial development Interactive effect Indeed, recent sustained growth rates experienced in the sub-region partly spurs...
Journal Articles
Journal of Economic Studies (2017) 44 (6): 1030–1050.
Published: 13 November 2017
... Licensed re-use rights only GMM Institutional quality Asian countries Macroeconomic factors FDI inflows The foreign direct investment (FDI) is a key driver of economic development and one of the major sources of technology transfer from technology-rich countries into technology-deficient...

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