... and present the authors' conclusions. Design/methodology/approach Using time series data for the USA, Canada, Japan and Australia over the period 1960‐2008, the authors test the asymmetric relationship between government size and terms‐of‐trade volatility by applying multivariate hidden cointegration...

...Jürgen Backhaus; Shigenari Kanamori Purpose The purpose of this paper is to compare typical social problems in Germany and Japan in the context of weavers and female weavers. Design/methodology/approach The paper compares Gerhardt Hauptmann's Weavers (1892) with Wakizo Hosoi's...

...Jürgen Backhaus; Norio Sasaki Purpose To explain a fiscal rule that functions in a different way from a constitutional ideal of a welfare state, as Japan's case, and to give a literary examination of that kind of thoughts in modern economics and theory of public finance. Design/methodology...

... the pound/Norwegian krone exchange rate, and in Lothian (1990) , who used a combination of the currencies of Japan, the USA, the UK and France. These are the same currencies which are used in this study, but with one difference. The basic exchange rates in Lothian′s study are measured against the Japanese...

...‐ordination to ensure a stable,high employment economy, while maintaining individual freedom. To implement a corporatist system, moral reform would be necessary. Recently, economists have asserted that post‐war Japan approximates to Schumpeter′s corporatist model. Suggests that Japan′s post‐war economy...

... in decision making from the rank-and-file members, who may view more active participation as bothersome. Finally, traditional "status hierarchy", such as that found in Japan, may accommodate organisational levelling in certain aspects of their operation more easily than does modern bureaucratic hierarchy...