... and authors. The full terms of this licence may be seen at Link to the terms of the CC BY 4.0 licence . Institutional variety Financial deepening Credit allocation Supply-side economics Credit cycles E51 O16 P34 E44 O43 Funding: The author received no specific funding...

... in Appendix 1 . O33 O41 E13 O43 O47 Fadi Fawaz can be contacted at: ffawaz@tnstate.edu Conflict of interest: The author declares no conflict of interest. 06 11 2025 31 12 2025 09 02 2026 11 02 2026 © Emerald Publishing Limited 2026 Emerald...

... threshold panel model European emerging countries E60 H63 O43 E69 Instrumental regression for endogenous regressors: The fitted values of X ‾ 2 i t are obtained by regressing the endogenous subset of explanatory variables X2it on a set...

... for the endogeneity of institutional quality. E02 O43 O47 In this article, we would like to shed light on the function of institutional quality in European countries in the period 1996–2014, in particular its impact on the technological efficiency of countries. To solve the endogeneity problem...

... attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this licence may be seen at http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode Digital economy Regulatory quality Italian regions O33 O43 O52 Prior research has looked into numerous areas of digitalization’s...

.... Financial depth Domestic savings Latin America Threshold analysis System GMM C23 G21 O43 Over the past two decades, emerging markets (EMs) have experienced remarkable economic progress, largely fueled by rising domestic savings and expanding financial systems. Between 1998 and 2018...

... evidence. Exchange rates Wages Difference-in-differences Falsification Heterogeneity C23 F41 J31 J50 O43 There are two types of studies that typically deal with the topic of exchange rates in international macroeconomics and finance. The first type analyzes to what extent...

... C33 E26 Q01 O17 O43 Over the last decade, achieving the economic, social and environmental sustainable development goals (SDGs) became a prominent objective on the agendas of most governments and international organizations. However, meeting this objective proved to be highly challenging...

... trap can be for years, where many panel datasets have shown that almost half of the population cannot exit it without a strong government intervention (Barrett and Swallow, 2006 ; Barrett and Carter, 2013). C23 G21 O43 Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is one of the poorest regions in the world...

... 2021 © Emerald Publishing Limited 2021 Emerald Publishing Limited Licensed re-use rights only Human capital Economic growth Governance Nonlinear modeling E02 E23 O43 Human capital increases the productivity of individual workers (Schultz, 1981), improves a country's...

... Publishing Limited Licensed re-use rights only Economic growth Post-socialist economies Institutions Governance indicators Panel cointegration Causality O43 P40 Generally speaking, the term “institution” includes the customs and traditions that have existed for a long time as well...

... Asian developing countries GMM Economic growth Institutional quality Remittances C23 F24 O43 The significant and constant growth of cross-border migration, an important outcome of globalization, has raised many issues and questions in the fields of economics and business...

... re-use rights only MENA region Panel analysis Political instability Political regime Real output Two-way fixed effects Real money supply C33 O43 P16 The connection between political instability (PI) and economic growth has caught the attention of many economists for over...